# Podman-First Development Setup

**Date:** November 6, 2025
**Status:** ✅ Complete - Podman-first with Docker fallback
**Priority:** All development and production workflows now support Podman

---

## Overview

The MEV bot project is now **Podman-first** with automatic fallback to Docker if available. All scripts, Makefiles, and container operations now intelligently detect and use the best available container runtime.

### Why Podman?

- ✅ **Rootless**: Runs without sudo/root privileges
- ✅ **Daemonless**: No background daemon required
- ✅ **Compatible**: Docker-compatible CLI
- ✅ **Secure**: Better security model than Docker
- ✅ **Nested**: Supports Podman-in-Podman for dev workflows

---

## Quick Start

### 1. Install Podman

```bash
# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y podman podman-compose

# Verify installation
podman --version
podman-compose --version
```

### 2. Test Podman Setup

```bash
# Verify runtime detection
./scripts/container-runtime.sh status

# Output should show:
# Runtime: podman
# Compose: podman-compose
```

### 3. Run Tests in Podman

```bash
# Development CI
podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-unit

# Full test suite
podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-coverage

# Security scan
podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-security

# All tests
podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up
```

---

## Container Runtime Detection

### Automatic Detection

All scripts now use `scripts/container-runtime.sh` for intelligent runtime detection:

```bash
# Usage
./scripts/container-runtime.sh status    # Show current runtime
./scripts/container-runtime.sh runtime   # Get runtime name
./scripts/container-runtime.sh compose   # Get compose command
./scripts/container-runtime.sh socket    # Get socket path
```

### Priority Order

1. **Podman** (preferred - rootless, daemonless)
2. **Docker** (fallback if Podman not available)

### Detection Features

- ✅ Detects if running inside container (rootless mode)
- ✅ Finds socket paths automatically
- ✅ Determines correct compose command
- ✅ Supports DinD (Docker in Docker) and PinP (Podman in Podman)

---

## Updated Scripts

### CI Scripts

**`scripts/ci-container.sh`** - Run CI in isolated container
```bash
./scripts/ci-container.sh quick   # Fast validation (30-60s)
./scripts/ci-container.sh dev     # Development pipeline (1-2min)
./scripts/ci-container.sh full    # Complete validation (2-3min)
```

**Features:**
- ✅ Auto-detects Podman or Docker
- ✅ Mounts socket for DinD support
- ✅ Shares Go cache for performance
- ✅ Works in nested containers

### Deployment Scripts

**`scripts/deploy-production.sh`** - Production deployment
```bash
./scripts/deploy-production.sh
```

**Updated to:**
- ✅ Use Podman by default
- ✅ Fall back to Docker
- ✅ Use `podman-compose` or `docker-compose`
- ✅ Show correct log commands for active runtime

---

## Makefile Commands

All `make` targets work with both Podman and Docker automatically:

```bash
# Build
make build              # Build with native toolchain
make build-mm           # Build market manager

# Tests
make test              # Run all tests
make test-basic        # Quick tests
make test-coverage     # With coverage report
make test-unit         # Unit tests only

# CI/CD (now Podman-aware)
make ci-precommit      # Fast pre-commit checks
make ci-quick          # Quick CI pipeline
make ci-dev            # Development CI
make ci-full           # Full CI pipeline
make ci-container      # CI in container (Podman/Docker)

# Development
make dev-setup         # Setup dev environment
make dev-workflow      # Format + Vet + Lint + Tests
make debug             # Debug mode

# All existing commands work with Podman/Docker detection
```

---

## Docker-Compose Compatibility

### Test Compose File

**`docker-compose.test.yml`** - All services now work with both:

```bash
# Using Podman
podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-unit
podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-coverage
podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-security

# Using Docker (if available)
docker compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-unit
docker-compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-unit
```

### Production Compose File

**`docker-compose.production.yaml`** - Works with either runtime:

```bash
# Using Podman
podman compose -f docker-compose.production.yaml up -d

# Using Docker
docker compose -f docker-compose.production.yaml up -d
```

---

## Development Workflow with Podman

### Local Development (No Container)

```bash
# Standard Go development
make build
make test
./bin/mev-bot start
```

### Containerized Development

```bash
# Run in isolated container
./scripts/ci-container.sh dev

# Or with compose
podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-unit
```

### Podman-in-Podman (Nested Containers)

For dev environments that need to run containers inside containers:

```bash
# Check if running in container
./scripts/container-runtime.sh status
# Shows: Inside Container: true

# Socket is automatically mounted
# Scripts detect and use the parent's socket
```

---

## Common Commands

### Build & Test

```bash
# Build application
podman build -t mev-bot:latest .

# Run tests
podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-unit

# Generate coverage
podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-coverage

# Security scan
podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-security
```

### Container Operations

```bash
# List images
podman images | grep mev-bot

# List containers
podman ps -a

# View logs
podman logs <container_id>

# Remove image
podman rmi mev-bot:latest

# Cleanup (prune unused)
podman system prune -a
```

### Debugging

```bash
# Interactive shell in container
podman run -it --rm -v $(pwd):/app golang:1.25-alpine sh

# Build with verbose output
podman build --no-cache -t mev-bot:latest .

# Inspect image
podman inspect mev-bot:latest
```

---

## Troubleshooting

### "podman: command not found"

**Solution:** Install Podman
```bash
sudo apt-get install -y podman podman-compose
```

### "Cannot connect to socket"

**Solution:** Check socket permissions
```bash
# Find socket
./scripts/container-runtime.sh socket

# Verify permissions
ls -la /run/user/$UID/podman/podman.sock

# Restart Podman
systemctl --user restart podman
```

### "Failed to pull image"

**Solution:** Check network/registry
```bash
# Test pull
podman pull golang:1.25-alpine

# Check registry mirrors
podman run --rm golang:1.25-alpine apk update
```

### "No space left on device"

**Solution:** Cleanup images and containers
```bash
# Remove unused images
podman image prune -a

# Remove stopped containers
podman container prune

# Full cleanup
podman system prune -a --volumes
```

---

## Environment Detection

### Auto-Detection in Scripts

All scripts now automatically detect the runtime:

```bash
#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -euo pipefail

# Load container runtime detection
source "$(dirname "$0")/container-runtime.sh" init

# Now available:
# - $CONTAINER_RUNTIME: "podman" or "docker"
# - $COMPOSE_CMD: Full compose command (podman-compose, docker-compose, etc)
# - $CONTAINER_SOCKET: Socket path for DinD
# - $INSIDE_CONTAINER: "true" or "false"
```

### Usage in Custom Scripts

```bash
# Source the helper
source ./scripts/container-runtime.sh init

# Use the detected runtime
$CONTAINER_RUNTIME run --rm alpine:latest echo "Hello"

# Use compose
$COMPOSE_CMD -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-unit
```

---

## Performance Tips

### 1. Cache Management

```bash
# Share Go cache between runs
podman run -v $(pwd)/.gocache:/root/.cache/go-build golang:1.25-alpine go build .

# Clear cache when needed
rm -rf .gocache .gomodcache
```

### 2. Layer Caching

```bash
# Dockerfiles use multi-stage builds for efficiency
# Build cache is preserved between runs
podman build -t mev-bot:latest .  # Uses cache
```

### 3. Memory & CPU

```bash
# Run with resource limits
podman run --cpus=4 --memory=4g golang:1.25-alpine go test ./...

# Increase memory for heavy operations
podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml run --memory=8g test-coverage
```

---

## CI/CD Integration

### GitHub Actions (Example)

```yaml
- name: Setup Podman
  run: |
    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get install -y podman podman-compose

- name: Run Tests in Podman
  run: |
    podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-unit

- name: Generate Coverage
  run: |
    podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-coverage
```

### Local CI Testing

```bash
# Test your CI locally before pushing
make ci-container quick

# Full CI pipeline
make ci-full
```

---

## Migration from Docker

### If You Have Docker Installed

No action needed! Scripts automatically:
1. Try Podman first (preferred)
2. Fall back to Docker if needed
3. Use correct compose command
4. Work seamlessly with both

### Uninstalling Docker (Optional)

```bash
# Docker is no longer required but can coexist
# To remove:
sudo apt-get remove -y docker.io docker-compose

# Keep Podman
sudo apt-get install -y podman podman-compose
```

---

## Best Practices

### 1. Always Check Runtime

```bash
# Before running scripts, verify:
./scripts/container-runtime.sh status
```

### 2. Use Makefiles

```bash
# Makefile commands are portable
make ci-container       # Works with both
```

### 3. Keep Scripts Updated

```bash
# Scripts reference container-runtime.sh
# Update this file if you customize the detection logic
```

### 4. Monitor Resources

```bash
# Check container resource usage
podman stats

# Monitor processes
podman top <container_id>
```

---

## Summary

| Aspect | Status | Notes |
|--------|--------|-------|
| **Podman Support** | ✅ Full | Primary runtime |
| **Docker Support** | ✅ Full | Automatic fallback |
| **DinD Support** | ✅ Full | Podman-in-Podman ready |
| **Compose Files** | ✅ Compatible | Works with both runtimes |
| **Scripts** | ✅ Updated | All use container-runtime.sh |
| **Make Commands** | ✅ Working | Transparently use detected runtime |
| **CI/CD Ready** | ✅ Yes | GitHub Actions compatible |

---

## Next Steps

1. ✅ Install Podman: `sudo apt-get install podman podman-compose`
2. ✅ Verify: `./scripts/container-runtime.sh status`
3. ✅ Run tests: `podman compose -f docker-compose.test.yml up test-unit`
4. ✅ Use make: `make ci-container quick`

---

## Support

For issues:
1. Check runtime: `./scripts/container-runtime.sh status`
2. Test manually: `podman run --rm golang:1.25-alpine go version`
3. Review this guide: Troubleshooting section above

Generated: 2025-11-06
Configuration: Podman-first with Docker fallback